What complication can arise from plaque buildup in arteries?

Plaque buildup in arteries is a significant health concern primarily because it leads to a condition known as atherosclerosis. This buildup consists of fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances that can narrow the arteries, reducing or obstructing blood flow. The primary complications arising from this condition are stroke and heart attack.

When blood flow to the heart is restricted, as may happen with severe arterial blockage, it can lead to a heart attack, where part of the heart muscle is damaged due to a lack of oxygen. Similarly, if blood flow to the brain is impeded, it can result in a stroke, which occurs when the brain is deprived of oxygen and nutrients. Both of these complications are serious medical emergencies that can have life-altering consequences.

In contrast, the other options presented do not directly relate to the complications stemming from plaque buildup in arteries. For example, increased oxygen levels are not a complication of plaque buildup; rather, arterial blockages typically decrease oxygen delivery to tissues. High physical activity is generally encouraged to enhance cardiovascular health and is not directly tied to complications from plaque buildup. Lastly, reduced blood cell production does not have a direct link to plaque buildup in the arteries, as plaque primarily affects blood flow rather than the production of blood cells.