What is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease?

The buildup of plaque in the arteries is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease because it leads to a condition known as atherosclerosis. This occurs when fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances accumulate in the arterial walls, causing the arteries to narrow and harden. As a result, blood flow to the heart can be restricted, which increases the risk of heart attacks and other cardiovascular issues. Understanding how plaque buildup contributes to coronary artery disease highlights the importance of managing other risk factors such as cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and lifestyle choices.

In contrast, low cholesterol levels are generally considered protective against heart disease, not a risk factor. Regular exercise significantly lowers the risk of developing coronary artery disease by improving cardiovascular health and helping to maintain healthy cholesterol levels. Additionally, increased sleep duration, while beneficial for overall health, does not directly contribute to an increased risk for coronary artery disease in the same way that plaque buildup does.