What is characterized by fatty deposits in the inner lining of artery walls?

The condition characterized by fatty deposits in the inner lining of artery walls is atherosclerosis. This process involves the accumulation of lipids, cholesterol, and other substances, which form plaques that can thicken and harden the arterial walls. Over time, these plaques can narrow the arteries and restrict blood flow, potentially leading to serious cardiovascular issues like heart attacks or strokes.

Atherosclerosis plays a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and is influenced by various factors such as diet, physical activity, and genetic predisposition. The recognition of this condition in the context of arterial health is crucial for prevention and management strategies in cardiology.

In contrast, thrombosis refers to the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel, varicosity relates to enlarged veins typically in the legs, and arrhythmia describes irregularities in heart rhythm. Each of these conditions affects the cardiovascular system differently and is unrelated to the specific deposition of fatty materials in artery walls that defines atherosclerosis.