What is the primary condition characterized by granulomas that can affect organs like the lungs or liver?

The primary condition characterized by granulomas that can affect various organs, including the lungs and liver, is sarcoidosis. This is an inflammatory disease marked by the formation of small clusters of immune cells called granulomas. While sarcoidosis predominantly affects the lungs, it is systemic in nature and can impact multiple organs, leading to a wide range of symptoms depending on the organs involved.

Granulomas in sarcoidosis result from an abnormal immune response, which is not typical in other listed conditions. Pneumonia is primarily an infection that affects lung tissue, often leading to inflammation due to pathogens, rather than granuloma formation. Asbestosis is a form of lung disease caused by asbestos exposure, leading predominantly to lung tissue scarring rather than granulomas. Interstitial lung disease encompasses a variety of lung disorders, many of which are characterized by inflammation and scarring, but not specifically granulomas as seen in sarcoidosis.

Thus, the distinct presence and systemic nature of granulomas in sarcoidosis make it the correct choice for indicating a condition that affects multiple organs in this manner.