What is the process of taking a small tissue sample for examination known as?

The process of taking a small tissue sample for examination is known as a biopsy. This medical procedure is crucial for diagnosing diseases, particularly cancer, as it allows for the microscopic examination of cells and tissues. During a biopsy, a healthcare professional removes a small piece of tissue from the area of interest, which is then analyzed in a laboratory to detect any abnormalities or disease processes.

Biopsies can be performed using various techniques, including needle biopsies, excisional biopsies where a larger sample is taken, or incision biopsies, which are less common. This method provides critical information that can guide treatment decisions and patient management, making it an essential tool in modern medicine. Other terms like autopsy refer to post-mortem examinations, incision relates to making cuts in tissue for various procedures, and resection typically involves the surgical removal of a larger area of tissue, making biopsy the specific term for sampling small tissue for evaluation.