What measure is typically used to manage familial hypercholesterolemia?

Statin medications are the primary treatment for managing familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic condition that results in high levels of cholesterol in the blood. These medications work by inhibiting an enzyme involved in cholesterol production in the liver, effectively lowering LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels. Statins not only decrease cholesterol levels but also reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is particularly high in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia due to the severely elevated cholesterol levels.

While increased exercise, a low-fat diet, and blood pressure medications may contribute to overall cardiovascular health and may be parts of a comprehensive management approach, they do not specifically target the underlying metabolic issue of familial hypercholesterolemia as directly or effectively as statins do. Exercise and dietary changes can help improve cholesterol levels and overall heart health but are typically not sufficient for managing the significantly elevated cholesterol levels that characterize this condition. Blood pressure medications primarily address hypertension and are not designed to lower cholesterol levels. Thus, statin medications remain the standard and most effective treatment specifically aimed at reducing cholesterol in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia.