What procedure uses a machine to take over the work of the heart and lungs during surgery?

The procedure that utilizes a machine to take over the functions of the heart and lungs during surgery is known as cardiopulmonary bypass. This method involves diverting blood away from the heart and lungs to a heart-lung machine, which oxygenates the blood and removes carbon dioxide while the surgical team performs operations on the heart or other thoracic structures.

Cardiopulmonary bypass is essential during complex surgeries, as it provides a stable and bloodless field for the surgeon, allowing for intricate procedures to be conducted safely and effectively. The machine takes over the vital duties of circulation and oxygenation, which are crucial when the heart is stopped or when access to the heart is needed.

While cardiovascular surgery refers to a broad range of surgical procedures related to the heart and blood vessels, it does not specifically denote the use of a machine for heart and lung support. The term cardiac arrest procedure generally applies to emergency interventions needed when the heart stops, and coronary angioplasty involves the widening of narrowed or obstructed coronary arteries and does not involve machine support for the heart and lungs during surgery.