Which artery is often used as a bypass graft in coronary bypass surgery?

The internal mammary artery is commonly chosen for use as a bypass graft in coronary bypass surgery due to several advantageous characteristics. This artery is located near the heart, thus facilitating easier access during surgery. Its size and structure provide an ideal conduit for blood flow, and it is associated with favorable long-term patency rates compared to other graft options. Additionally, it is known for its resistance to atherosclerosis, which makes it a reliable choice for grafting in patients with coronary artery disease.

Other arteries, such as the radial artery and femoral artery, can also be used for bypass grafts, but they are not as frequently utilized as the internal mammary artery due to varying degrees of success in outcomes. The subclavian artery, while significant in the vascular system, is not typically used in this context. Thus, the internal mammary artery stands out as the most common and effective choice for coronary bypass procedures.