Which artery supplies blood to the brain and runs in the neck?

The carotid artery is the primary vessel that supplies blood to the brain and travels through the neck. This major artery branches into the internal and external carotid arteries, which are responsible for providing oxygenated blood to various regions of the brain and the face. The internal carotid artery specifically delivers blood to key areas of the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, while the external carotid artery supplies blood to the face and neck.

In contrast, the brachial artery is located in the arm and is responsible for supplying blood to the upper limb. The subclavian artery, while important for supplying blood to the arms and parts of the head and neck once it branches out, does not directly route blood to the brain itself. Lastly, the femoral artery is found in the thigh and supplies blood to the lower leg and foot. Thus, the carotid artery is distinctly identified as the vessel that is vital for cerebral blood supply while being located in the neck region.