Which of the following cardiovascular conditions can lead to chest pain?

Coronary artery disease is a condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of fat deposits in the artery walls. When these arteries are compromised, the heart muscle may not receive enough oxygen-rich blood, especially during physical activity or stress. This inadequate blood supply can lead to symptoms such as chest pain, also known as angina. Angina can feel like pressure, squeezing, or pain in the chest, and it may radiate to other parts of the body such as the shoulders, neck, arms, or back.

While thrombosis and embolism can also be associated with cardiovascular issues and may lead to complications affecting the heart, they are not conditions that directly suggest chest pain as a primary symptom. Thrombosis refers to the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel, which can lead to blockage, while embolism involves a clot or other debris traveling to another location in the bloodstream, potentially causing obstruction. Stroke, on the other hand, is primarily concerned with the brain's function and does not typically present with chest pain. Therefore, coronary artery disease is clearly linked with the symptom of chest pain due to the heart's diminished ability to receive adequate oxygen.