Which procedure involves using a vein from the leg for grafting to supply blood to the heart?

Coronary artery bypass (CAB) is a surgical procedure that involves taking a vein (often the saphenous vein from the leg) or an artery from another part of the body and using it to create a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart. This is done to bypass blocked or narrowed coronary arteries, thereby restoring proper blood supply to the heart muscle.

In CAB, the surgeon connects one end of the grafted vein or artery to the aorta and the other end to a coronary artery beyond the point of blockage. This rerouting of blood flow can alleviate symptoms of coronary artery disease, improve heart function, and reduce the risk of heart attacks.

Other procedures listed focus on different aspects of heart problems: coronary angiography is primarily a diagnostic tool used to visualize the blood vessels of the heart; heart valve replacement involves replacing damaged heart valves rather than bypassing blood flow; and coronary stenting is a less invasive procedure used to open blocked arteries using a small mesh tube, not involving vein grafting. Therefore, CAB is distinct in its use of grafts to bypass occlusions in the coronary arteries.