Which term relates specifically to the kidneys?

The term that specifically relates to the kidneys is "renal." In medical terminology, "renal" is derived from the Latin word "renes," which means kidneys. It is commonly used to describe anything associated with kidney function, kidney diseases, or kidney-related processes. For example, conditions such as renal failure or renal insufficiency refer to impairment in kidney function.

The other terms do not pertain to the kidneys. "Cardiac" refers to the heart, "hepatic" relates to the liver, and "pulmonary" is connected to the lungs. Each of these terms has its own specific anatomical or physiological relevance, distinguishing them from renal, which is dedicated solely to kidney-related matters. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for recognizing the roles and functions of different organs in the body.